Within this proposed robotic system for the bench structure, the structure’s height and the curvature of the top and bottom faces can be adapted according to design requirements, creating non-standard structures. Such a structure built of non-standard timber components could open up entirely new possibilities for this material system. Its functional and aesthetic properties could be expanded on in architecture and construction. While the two surfaces (the top and bottom of the bench) work functionally and structurally in a unified system, each surface has its unique geometry. The top surface of the bench is formed from a discrete layering of single elements in a constantly graded arrangement, providing the seating and support functionality of the bench in a seamless movement.

This rhythmic repetition of additive stacked timber elements, with their gradually shift in orientation and length (which Gramazio discusses in The Robotic Touch in relation to the Sequential Roof project) blurs the boundaries between the generic and the specific, the standard and the individual.6 Such complexity is obviously not achievable through conventional techniques.

Second, the two-dimensional nature of the stacking process could be considered to be one of the main limitations of the system. However, the potential to change the global orientation of the proposed “T” system, which was explored in this experiment, offers a very promising outlook for other applications. The potential of using the system in a different orientation expands the design and functional possibilities that the structure can have in architectural applications.